FAQ.

The human body has its own receptor system for cannabinoids and produces messenger substances that act through it. The complex regulatory system controls a multitude of functions throughout the body, which also explains the diverse effects of cannabis. The sphere of influence of the endogenous cannabinoid system includes: brain development and memory, motor function, regulation of food intake and body temperature, blood circulation, the immune system, pain perception, and cell growth. When pharmaceutical cannabis is ingested, cannabinoids bind to endocannabinoid receptors in the central nervous system (CNS) as well as the rest of the body. This interaction affects those endogenous processes in which the ECS is involved. These effects can be used to positively influence the symptoms of a disease or to compensate for a malfunction of the ECS.

Most often, in this country in an estimated 50 percent of cases, pharmaceutical cannabis is prescribed to chronic pain patients. Other uses for cannabinoids include: Spasms, glaucoma, migraines and cluster headaches, or as an add-on in the treatment of cancer and HIV. In cancer therapies, Tourette's syndrome or even ADHD, the use of cannabis flowers has proven to be advantageous over pure dronabinol (THC). Cannabidiol (CBD) has proven itself in the therapy of epilepsy, among other things. It also attenuates side effects of dronabinol (THC). The need for clinical trials is immense if one wants to unlock the full potential of the use of cannabinoids. The best evidence for efficacy is currently available for the treatment of multiple sclerosis and certain forms of epilepsy.

Yes, except veterinarians and dentists. However, prescribing physicians or their patients must participate in an accompanying survey. In this way, further anonymised data on indication, dosage and efficacy are to be collected. For the assumption of costs by the health insurance company, elaborate and detailed reports or statements are usually necessary, which is why many doctors shy away from prescribing.

Patients either inhale vaporized cannabinoids or take them orally in the form of drops or capsules. Smoking is unsuitable for pharmaceutical purposes, as uncontrolled burning produces potentially harmful substances. It is not advisable to take drops diluted in drinks, as the active ingredients do not dissolve in water and can stick to the cup. The oily, cannabinoid-containing formulations are to be taken perorally, for example on a spoon or a piece of bread, and must not be vaporized or inhaled. The cannabinoids dissolve only in fat or alcohol. Therefore, fatty foods may affect the absorption of the active ingredients. When cannabinoids are inhaled, the effect occurs after 5 to 15 minutes and lasts approximately one to three hours. When used orally, the effect occurs after one to two hours, but lasts up to six hours. These values can vary depending on dosage and individual factors. Those taking cannabinoids orally should first find their optimal dose by gradually increasing drops (titration phase) and can then switch to appropriately dosed capsules if needed.

There are important differences between the mode of action of orally administered dronabinol (THC) and inhaled administration. For example, oral dosage forms are more reliable in delivering the amount of active ingredient, which improves reproducibility. In addition, due to the slow onset and longer duration of action, consistent blood plasma levels are achieved. With inhaled application, the effect occurs without a long time delay, which is relevant for patients with pain peaks, such as migraine or tumor-related pain.

Yes, side effects can occur when taking pharmaceutical cannabis products, especially at the beginning of the therapy. Experience has shown that these will subside within the first few weeks. With cannabidiol (CBD) there are hardly any known side effects, patients report fatigue, especially at high doses. Interactions may occur, for example, if certain psychotropic drugs are taken at the same time.